Challenges & Material Risks
Cooperatives
Climate Shocks and Customs Gridlocks: How Cooperative Shielding is Securing Brazil's Citrus Supply Chain
As climate-amplified drought and citrus greening drive Brazil's orange harvest to historic lows, FMCG formulators face a compounding crisis of tightening European customs gridlocks. Without cooperative shielding to absorb the costs of decentralized field-level verification, independent farmers risk margin collapse ahead of the 2027 compliance deadlines.